Main Types of Business Ownership Essay -- Business and Management Stud

Different types of ownership of profession ranging from the simple to the complex. Here I will cover the main types, outlining the advantages and disadvantages of each leading to a decision on which type of ownership is most appropriate for my business.Types of ownership==================There atomic number 18 many different types of ownership of business ranging fromthe simple to the complex. Here I will cover the main types, outliningthe advantages and disadvantages of each leading to a decision onwhich type of ownership is most appropriate for my business.Sole Proprietors================A sole proprietor, or sole trader, is the name given to someone whoruns the business by themselves. This is ordinarily someone who isparticularly skilled in one area or had a very good and grocery storeableidea. There are many advantages and disadvantages to view up a soleproprietorship.Advantages==========Sole proprietorships often require less capital to start up than thebigger businesses. T his is because they are usually smaller and dropless staff to start with. This cost is minimal and often only a a few(prenominal)hundred pounds.Sole proprietorships are easy to set up, few forms and licenses requestto be obtained and the business can start almost straight away,resulting in less time being unemployed. The only official form youneed to fill in is a inland revenue form for use when calculatingincome tax, it also entitles you to many tax advantages outlinedlater. Of course you need to put out a business plan, complete withcashflow forecasts etc but this was it.These businesses are easy to maintain and run. This is because theowner has little or no oppositon for her ideas and plans. Also, it ispossible for the owner to act as their own accountant, saving themlots of money.The owner has an increased level of control, they have the rite tochange the business whenever they feel like it and have the advantageof not having to call shareholder meetings.One of the largest a dvantages is the allocation of profits. Unlikelarger companies sole proprietorships dont need to distribute profitamongst its shareholders. All profit goes directly to the owner, whodoes with it as he or she sees fit.Because of the owners status as a sole trader, she does not need topublish her accounts. Therefore she can keep her business priv... ...large amounts of debt then the ownerswould not be obliged to pay off any of that personally. This is a bigbonus to the company as it is a great deal easier to attract potentialinvestors who are not unstrained to risk unlimited liability. These arethe main advantages of becoming a limited company, and while theydont seem much they are actually a huge bonus.Disadvantages=============A limited company has to display information to the public at the endof every fiscal year. Some companies may not want so much informationreleased. It can also be fairly expensive, costing a minimum of 700 ayear to prepare a report.Complying with the rules of the London stock convince is also a bigdisadvantage to any limited company and very costly. However companiescan list themselves in the alternative investment market (AIM). Thisis quite a lot cheaper but is seen as more risky by prospectiveemployers. This can make it quite hard for a business to attract newshareholders.Suitability===========Overall I think this is the most suitable choice for my business. Thisway I am likely to attract more investors plus I would not have tosuffer from unlimited liability.

The Critical Role of Information Systems Essay -- essays research pape

The Critical Role of reading SystemsTodays information systems be both technical and social in nature. care must understand the importance of information within the organization. It is managements job to understand how information is collected, processed, and distributed. We are alone extremely affected by information systems and must be willing to understand and work with them. Our global economy does not allow us to depend on compositors case to face transactions like in the 1980s. Today, few managers can ignore the importance and impact of how information is handled by their organization. Information systems play a critical map in todays business organization and society (Laudon 5). Since the emergence of the global economy, the success of firms today and in the future depends on their ability to steer globally. The American economy depends on imports and exports. Foreign trade, both imports and exports accounts for a little over 25 percent of goods and services produced in the United States, and even to a greater extent in countries like Japan and Germany. This percentage is currently and will continue to grow in the future (5).Globalization of the worlds industrial economies greatly enhances the value of information to the firm and offers new opportunities to businesses. Today, information systems provide the communication and analytic power that firms need to conduct trades and manage businesses on a global scale. Globalization and information technology also brings new threats to domestic business firms. This is brought on by the customers ability to shop in a worldwide foodstuffplace, obtaining the price and quality information reliably, 24 hours a day. The worldwide market place brings competition to a higher level than ever before, forcing all businesses to play a part in this global economy. In order to become a profitable player in a worldwide market firms, need powerful information and communication systems (5).Many countries are experien cing the third economic revolution. These countries include the United States, Japan, Germany and other major industrial powers. This revolution, which is now in progress, is transforming itself into a knowledge and information based service economy. This revolution began at the turn of the century and by 1976 the number of white-collar workers employed in o... ...ws them to fill up inventory very fast, Wal-Mart does not spend as much money on stock pilling inventory as its competitors. Wal-Mart altogether spends 15 percent of gross revenue in overhead while Sears spends 30 percent and Kmart spends 21 percent. Again, this is only possible because of the use of information systems. As you can see information systems are far more than just input, process, and output machines. Managers and society must understand that these systems provide solutions to business challenges and must be willing to change with the new technology. Information systems can help in the day to day task at wo rk and at home. We no longer have to depend on only one firm or corporation to buy material we need. We can shop the global market 24 hours a day to find the exceed price and quality. With the increased global competition, companies will have to use information systems in order to survive in todays market place. puzzle out CitedLaudon, Kenneth C., and Jane P. Laudon. Management Information Systems. New Jersey Prentice-Hall Inc., 1996Removing the Warehouse from Cost-Conscious Hospitals. New York Times, 1991Wilson, Linda. Stand and Deliver. Information Week April. 1992

Locke’s Logical Plain Method Essay -- Philosophy Religion Essays

Lockes Logical Plain MethodAs those philosophers before him, or at least as far back as Descartes, stern Locke is perplexed with obscure terms and use little question (qtd. in J wizs 238), and is interested in starting fresh and free from the opinions of his predecessors. He devises the historical plain manner in order to examine the knowledge we posses, with the assumption that the mind is white paper, void of all characters, without any ideas, (qtd. in Jones 245). My interest here, however, is to briefly describe, and to evaluate Lockes historical plain method. The following passages are to demonstrate the chief values and key limitations of the historical plain method as it pertains to its own investigation of what is square(a) from experience, and to show that Locke mistakes a sensible approach for a historical approach, meaning that his method is a logical plain method.The historical plain method allows us to distinguish between what is trustworthy, and therefore importa nt enough to warrant our consideration, and what is fantasy and not worth our time. It accomplishes this by examining an object to see whether it has originated from our sense perception, and is thus a sensation, or from the trading operations of the mind, and thus a reflection. If the object is thus found to have its origins in either the senses or the mind, then it is to be a true object, or one that does exist.Objects that are conveyed by the senses are such as hard, red, loud, and the like. Some are combinations of more than one simple idea derived from more than one sensory input. In the case of fast, the speed of something can both be derived from seeing motion as well as feeling motion. Objects conveyed by the operations of the mind are such a... ... reality of objects, but it may not have the ability to be proven beyond any doubt, and is thus less certain than the logical inquiry.Lockes historical plain method, named so incorrectly, endeavors to show what is true and false, what is meaningful and meaningless, and therefore, what is important and what is not important. By examining objects it deems to demonstrate their origin as being of sensation or reflection. Since Locke assumed all ideas to be based on simple elements however, he pursued in that direction, which is a psychological and logical one. Thus, Locke developed the logical plain method, but mistakenly named it the historical plain method. For the historical order begins with the objects, and through investigation of it, we derive its simple elements.Works CitedJones, W. T. Hobbes to Hume. second edition. Fort Worth Harcourt, 1980.

Essay --

The play An Enemy of the People focuses on the truth and how various char make forers expose their outlook about it. Each of the characters are enthused by diverse things, so intern, they act in certain ways. Consequently, they end up in battles due to their differing opinions about the truth of the water. For example, Mayor Peter Stockmann acts in more aggressive way, because hes propel financially. Doctor Thomas Stockmann attempts to uncover the truth because of his refer of the publics well-being and because he trusts that hes doing the correct thing. Katherine supports Doctor Stockmann because shes inspired by family and faithfulness towards her husband. Hovstad, a political radical, besides very corrupt as he enjoys stirring up drama as long as he isnt directly involved. Everyones motivated by different things that are important to them, whether they are right or wrong theyre persistent in their beliefs.Mayor Stockmann had to disregard the reality because of cash. bullion played a big role which moved Peter Stockmann to neglect the condition of the Baths therefore ending up in a battle with his chum Doctor Stockmann. Ever since the town added it, much income from the Baths, the Mayor didnt want to uncover the truth to the public. Mayor Stockmann made the remark. Of course it will be needed to raise a municipal loan (Ibsen 55), this proves that hes being covetous and implying that at times, its most appropriate to hide the truth because individuals will bestow annoyed and attempt to repair the problem. Nonetheless, fixing the issue will take much finance and the Mayors awfully worried about money and reputation. He refused to put time and money in fixing the pipelines in the Baths so he chose to hide the truth and ... ...Stockmann, Doctor. Thomas Stockmann, Katherine and Hovstad all trust that what theyre doing is right and they feel that they must defend their ideas. Sadly to say, but Mayor Stockmanns motivation is solely based upon money, Dr. T homas Stockmanns inspiration is chastely the truth, Katherine is worried about the protection of the family, and Hovstad, just want to play both sides of the fences, because he is scared to be in the minority and afraid of the Mayor. These inspirations help to each one person to advance and form their character and disposition as the play continues. I feel that, it was very interesting to see how people will act in order to make themselves look good to the crowd. Even if it is the truth, and there is one person standing for truth and one hundred standing for a lie, people will sacrifice and be happy to be with the lie, because it is more people.

Escape in Dubliners :: Essays Papers

Escape in DublinersIn the novel Dubliners, James Joyce uses fictional stories to portray the society of Ireland during the early 1900s. This was a time in Ireland when the attitudes of the Irish were negative and the society was regressing, and Joyce used these characteristics to illustrate the faults of the Irish people. He is able to accomplish this through the use of many several(predicate) literary chemical groups, which are used to show the humanity of the Irish people. The theme of journeys of escape is evident in many stories and is closely related to the humanities theme of autonomy and responsibility. Through their everyday experiences, the characters break to deal with many situations that deal with their responsibilities to society and feelings of self sufficiency. These themes are especi everyy evident in the stories An Encounter and The out of work as the characters in each desire for escape from their current lives and situations. The story An Encounter is about two school children who take a day send off from class to escape their boring everyday lives and journey outside Dublin. The Dead, the Dubliners longest story, consists of many distinct interactions between characters at a party. In these two stories the characters tackle to escape their responsibilities in life and journey away from the life that is holding them back.The journeys in these stories represent the characters searching for something that will provide firing and enjoyment in their life. In the beginning of The Dead a vast assortment of people are arriving at the annual Morkans dance. This dance is an event put on every year and all who are invited usually attend because everyone always has a very good time. During this time jobs were scarce and money was hard to amaze by so the people had difficult lives with the responsibility of providing the necessities for their families. The party gives the characters one night away from their every day lives to enjoy themselves a nd forget about all their responsibilities and troubles. The party provides this escape through a good meal, dancing, music, and simply a chance to interact with different people. This evening symbolizes that the Irish people did not have exciting social lives and probably spent most of their time and energy at work. The boys in An Encounter search for excitement in a different aspect than the social one of The Dead. The boys around the neighborhood simulate the days of the Wild West everyday after school to provide excitement and fun in their lives.

Escape in Dubliners :: Essays Papers

Escape in DublinersIn the novel Dubliners, James Joyce substance abuses fictional stories to portray the cabaret of Ireland during the early 1900s. This was a time in Ireland when the attitudes of the Irish were negative and the society was regressing, and Joyce used these characteristics to illustrate the faults of the Irish passel. He is able to accomplish this through the use of many different literary themes, which are used to show the humanity of the Irish people. The theme of journeys of escape is evident in many stories and is closely relate to the humanities theme of autonomy and responsibility. Through their everyday experiences, the characters have to deal with many situations that deal with their responsibilities to society and feelings of self sufficiency. These themes are especially evident in the stories An Encounter and The Dead as the characters in each desire for escape from their current lives and situations. The story An Encounter is about two schooltime child ren who take a day off from class to escape their boring everyday lives and journey outside Dublin. The Dead, the Dubliners longest story, consists of many different interactions between characters at a party. In these two stories the characters attempt to escape their responsibilities in life and journey away from the life that is holding them back.The journeys in these stories represent the characters searching for something that will provide firing and enjoyment in their life. In the beginning of The Dead a vast assortment of people are arriving at the annual Morkans dance. This dance is an publication put on every year and all who are invited usually attend because everyone always has a very good time. During this time jobs were scarce and silver was hard to come by so the people had difficult lives with the responsibility of providing the necessities for their families. The party gives the characters one night away from their every day lives to enjoy themselves and allow fo r about all their responsibilities and troubles. The party provides this escape through a good meal, dancing, music, and simply a chance to interact with different people. This evening symbolizes that the Irish people did not have exciting social lives and probably spent most of their time and energy at work. The boys in An Encounter search for excitement in a different aspect than the social one of The Dead. The boys around the neighborhood simulate the days of the Wild West everyday after school to provide excitement and fun in their lives.

Confessions of a Female Chauvinist Sow Essay

Anne Roiphes Confessions of a Female Chauvinist Sow first appeared in the magazine New York in 1972. In this try Roiphe aims to convince her endorsers that women must put faith in the idea that they are equal to men, not superior. Women who want equality must be prepared to suffer it and guess in it . . . . Personal anecdotes, contrast, and comparison are techniques Roiphe skillfully uses to create a strong, convincing essay. Roiphe begins her essay with a personal anecdote describing the horrifying ac noticeledgement that she married a man exactly like her father. This technique immediately establishes the essay as informal and personal.It is a great way to capture the readers interest group. Also, this particular anecdote is utilise as background information for the first point Roiphe makes in the following paragraphthat . . . people . . . have at maven time or another been fouled up by their childhood experiences. Another anecdote in the essay explains how Roiphes mother used to give Roiphe huffy money before going on dates. My mother and I knew young men were apt to drink too much . . . and mad money was for getting home on your own, no matter what form of insanity your date happened to evidence. Anecdotes such as this are entertaining and tend to save the mood of the essay. Also, it is quite easy for readers to relate to personal experience. Another function of anecdotes in this essay is to substantiate and support main ideas. At the end of one paragraph Roiphe states, The hidden anti-male feelings, a result of the old system, will foul us up if they are allowed to persist. This is directly followed by the anecdote explaining the necessity for mad moneythat men are untrustworthy, inconsiderate beasts. The anecdote clearly provides evidence and support for the fact that women have anti-male feelings.Shortly after capturing the readers interest with the introductory anecdote, Roiphe begins using contrast. The numerous examples of contrast throu ghout the essay portray men and women as being drastically different, especially morally. Boys are thought to be incapable of engaging in . . . easy companionship . . . as girls are able to do, and men are generally believed to be . . . less moral . . . than women. Everyone assumes a mother will not let her child starve, yet it is necessary to legislate that a father must not do so. Roiphe uses contrast to expand the common anti-maleattitudes women have, and in doing so, makes it obvious that women feel superior to men. This exactly, Roiphe points out, is the barrier to equality between men and women. It is clear to the reader that equality between the sexes will never exist as long as women continue to feel superior to men. The contrasts also function to support points Roiphe makes later concerning the similarities between men and women. About halfway through the essay, Roiphe makes a transition from contrast to comparison. She begins focusing on the idea that women are actual ly quite similar to men.She bluntly states, Intellectually I know thats ridiculous . . . to assume . . . that women given power would not create wars. She admits, Aggression is not . . . a male-sex-linked characteristic . . . . Comparisons such as these smoothly exsert Roiphe into making one of her strongest comparisonsthat . . . us laughing at them, us feeling superior to them, us ridiculing them behind their backs . . . is . . . inescapably female chauvinist sowness. These comparisons, particularly the go bad one, are shocking and cause the reader to reflect on previous ideas in the essay. Roiphes statement, .. . what they have done to us, and of course they have, and they did and they are . . . , momentarily makes readers believe that men are mainly to blame for the inequality between the sexes. However, through loadive comparison Roiphe leads her readers to logically infer that women must also be obligated for the inequality between men and women. It then becomes clear t o the reader that the . . . secret sense of superiority . . . women feel is what makes them equally as chauvinistic as men. more(prenominal) important than the functions of the techniques she uses independently is how Roiphe uses them together.For example, had she bluntly stated early in her essay that women are female chauvinist sows, without preceding it with contrast, a quite different effect would have been created. Her readers, particularly the women, would have undoubtedly been offended. This approach would certainly have prevented the essay from being convincing. It is obvious that Roiphe purposely used the techniques in a plan way. This allowed her to create a specifically designed essay that was beneficial in helping her present her ideas.

Kendrick lamar Essay

Kendrick lamar is a advance(a) beat rapper who expresses his opinions on judgement,drugs,money,love and fame through the form of music. each song you listen too, he will ceaselessly make you evaluate yourself and the world around you.Kendrick Lamar has the alike(p) effect as every other neo rapper effects. He changes the norms and values that teens will feed to their personal lives. Teens are affected this way because thats how the rede his music. I determine it a different way. He actually delivers messages through his music. Kendrick lamar is a modern metre rapper who expresses his opinions on judgement,drugs,money,love and fame through the form of music. whatever song you listen too, he will forever and a day make you evaluate yourself and the world around you.Kendrick Lamar has the resembling effect as every other modern rapper effects. He changes the norms and values that teens will arrest to their personal lives. Teens are affected this way because thats how the i nterpret his music. I interpret it a different way. He actually delivers messages through his music. Kendrick lamar is a modern time rapper who expresses his opinions on judgement,drugs,money,love and fame through the form of music. Any song you listen too, he will invariably make you evaluate yourself and the world around you.Kendrick Lamar has the same effect as every other modern rapper effects. He changes the norms and values that teens will practise to their personal lives. Teens are affected this way because thats how the interpret his music. I interpret it a different way. He actually delivers messages through his music. Kendrick lamar is a modern time rapper who expresses his opinions on judgement,drugs,money,love and fame through the form of music. Any song you listen too, he will always make you evaluate yourself and the world around you.Kendrick Lamar has the same effect as every other modern rapper effects. He changes the norms and values that teens will apply to their personal lives. Teens are affected this way because thats how the interpret his music. Iinterpret it a different way. He actually delivers messages through his music. Kendrick lamar is a modern time rapper who expresses his opinions on judgement,drugs,money,love and fame through the form of music. Any song you listen too, he will always make you evaluate yourself and the world around you.Kendrick Lamar has the same effect as every other modern rapper effects. He changes the norms and values that teens will apply to their personal lives. Teens are affected this way because thats how the interpret his music. I interpret it a different way. He actually delivers messages through his music. Kendrick lamar is a modern time rapper who expresses his opinions on judgement,drugs,money,love and fame through the form of music. Any song you listen too, he will always make you evaluate yourself and the world around you.Kendrick Lamar has the same effect as every other modern rapper effects. He c hanges the norms and values that teens will apply to their personal lives. Teens are affected this way because thats how the interpret his music. I interpret it a different way. He actually delivers messages through his music. Kendrick lamar is a modern time rapper who expresses his opinions on judgement,drugs,money,love and fame through the form of music. Any song you listen too, he will always make you evaluate yourself and the world around you.Kendrick Lamar has the same effect as every other modern rapper effects. He changes the norms and values that teens will apply to their personal lives. Teens are affected this way because thats how the interpret his music. I interpret it a different way. He actually delivers messages through his music.

A Mother’s Love to a child

As a mother I take a shit cared and tried to fight down my sons education so that he can succeed in his life. I came from a large family in Brazil. I wasnt the besides claw I learned to share, how appropriate for myself, and for my 3 sisters, and 3 brothers. My father was a serious man he had a job, and still came home to provide for all of us. During dinnertime he insisted that everyone had to be home and had to sit down at the table and talk about their mean solar day. This was a must in my family too.The origin why he had that rule was because he was a religious man, and meals should be shared with the family as well as conversations. No one had any selection of not sitting at the table, unless we didnt want to eat. When I had a child, I waited for the right time to have one. I didnt want to festinate into motherhood responsibility until I had everything in order to support my child. My husband had to find a job, and so did I. We had a house, a car, and jobs to support my child we were ready.When my child was born, I chose to go to the United States of America, so that my child can have a better life. In Brazil, the education is not challenging, and not recognized in other parts of the world as a higher education. For him to have a better education, a better standard of living, and for him to have what we never had, we had to cut into up our lives in Brazil. As the years went by I was always there for my son. Through my eyes as he grows older, he is still the lesser boy that I held in my arms for the first time.In his teenage years I have seen him grow further away from me. Every day when he gets home he goes to his room without talking to me, or saying anything about his day. I guess that is what all kids go through in these years, because of the power point of exploration of new things in life. Like driving, video games, girls, and puberty. I still love my son, and even if he doesnt want to talk to me then I guess he has everything in order in h is life. He is very intelligent, and I trust that he knows what to do, and do the right thing.I have spy that he hasnt come to me to say if he has had any problems in school. I guess to me he has no problems going on, or maybe he has it in control. I have always said to him every time he comes home, how was your day Miguel? He would always say, it was ok. When I heard that my son was having problems in reading, I was shocked. I couldnt believe my bright boy was having such problems. I tried my best to make him study more, and succeed in life. flat it looks like he needs help in reading, and I am going to be there for him.The teacher told me that he had to memorize a rule book in order to pass the class. I was with him every day when he got home, helping him to study and memorize the story. When the day came for him to tell the story, I was waiting for him at home. When he got home, I looked into his eyes and he said Mom, I did it. I passed I was so happy, and I knew he could do it. From that day on, I have never doubted my son on what he can do. He is a bright young man, intelligent, respectful, and responsible when it comes to work that is given to him.

Gender Mainstreaming: Taking Action, Getting Results Essay

Outline gender ascend, sex digest and consideration of gender- sensitive indicators are required for developing gender-sensitive programs and achieving the goals of gender equity and equality. I. Definitions of gender blindness, equality, equity and bias. II. The to the highest degree important events in evolution of gender and development approaches. III. The role of gender summary in gender primary(prenominal)streaming. IV. Examples of gender sensitive indicators.V. GDP as a gender blind indicator.VI. Plan for reducing prevalence of male patients at STD clinics.VII. sex-sensitive advocacy plan.VIII. Difference between a network and coalition in the context of advocacy.Gender approach, gender analysis and consideration of gender- sensitive indicators are required for developing gender-sensitive programs and achieving the goals of gender equity and equality. The approach ignoring the social and economic differences between men and women is considered to be gender blind. A co mprehensive analysis of the countrys economics is impossible without considering this significant aspect. Gender perspective needs to be applied to economics analysis of the rate of womens unemployment in developing countries, for example. Terms of gender equality and equity wee got similar meanings.Thus, gender equality means equal rights for two men and women, while gender equity denotes fairness in distribution of mens and womens responsibilities. For example, men and women can have a claim on the same executive post. Still, most managers are men, while women are expected to be under their ferule. The majority of employers would give preference to male specialists because they will not need maternity leaves. This phenomenon of favouring men over women is called gender bias.First Conference on Women held in Mexico in 1975 was a significant step forward. The chief(prenominal) objective of the meeting was womens full integration intothe society development. The second Conference on Women was held in Copenhagen in 1980, the third in Nairobi in 1985. The questions of womens equal footing with men were raised at these meetings. Nairobi conference indicated a shift to gender perspective in economics analysis, considering the difference between women and men within various spheres of life. Gender questions were discussed at a number of UN meetings in 1990s. Human rights conference in 1993 coined the concept of reproductive rights as human rights. The evolution of understanding presupposed the shift of emphasis from statistic and medical aspects to accepting the differences between genders and providing equal rights and opportunities in various spheres of life.The term gender mainstreaming denotes the strategies aimed at achieving the goal of gender equality. It presupposes shift to the gender perspective an accepting the existing differences in mens and womens opportunities. Other ways for reaching the goal are taking into consideration gender relations, changi ng the current legislation concerning the problem and gender analysis. Gender analysis consists of investigation of the nature of differences and establishing of the cause-and-effect relations between gender differences and inequality. Knowing the roots of the problem, it would be easier to look for its solutions. For this reason, gender analysis may be regarded an intact part of gender mainstreaming. It is facilitative for defining the socio-cultural variables and following manipulating them.A gender-sensitive indicator denotes qualitative or quantitative measurements of changes in gender-related spheres in the course of time. This testing is helpful for monitoring the differences between men and women arising from their gender roles. The latest measurements indicated decreasing the gender gap. The United Nations Organization conducts statistical researches in three main dimensions, such as social resources, political power and employment. Analysis of quantity of women-parliamenta rians, women-managers or women receiving a post graduate degree might be good examples of gender-sensitive indicators.Still, statistics data is short for making all infallible measurements, and qualitative testing requires conducting surveys and further analysis of theanswers. Status within the family, material resources, time burden and career choices are the most popular dimensions for making the measurements. Thus, the examples of gender-sensitive indicators might be analysis of participation of women in family decision-making and/or bread-winning, analysis of statistics data concerning the number of women owning land and womens answers concerning the distribution of sign of the zodiac chores in their families.Gross Domestic Product (GPD) measures official economic output of the country using technical approach to data analysis. For this reason, it might be regarded a gender blind indicator. The fact is that only quantitative data is used for assessing this parameter, while it s qualitative characteristics are not taken into consideration. At the same analysis of gender differences could have a significant impact on these results. For example, notwithstanding the present day moving towards gender equality and equity, there are sealed differences in financial compensation for mens and womens labour. It might become hindrance for estimating GPD per capita precisely.Notwithstanding the evolution of gender approach and emphasis on human rights of reproductive health, Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD) clinics enjoy wider popularity among men that among women. Due to their misconceptions concerning the rules of examinations at such institutions, women do not attend STD clinics as often as men do. Prevalence of male patients in these institutions might be considered to be one of gender-sensitive indicators. Women might be afraid of being tested against their wishes or of their partners disapproval. The main goal of a gender sensitive program is to guarantee t he equal rights for reproductive health for both men and women.It is important to raise the awareness of commonwealth concerning the procedures of clinical testing, putting emphasis on its optional and anonymous character. It is achieved also through the set of learning mechanisms in ongoing socialization experiences (Klein 40). The measures that need to be taken for achieving these goals are creating separate sex sessions at clinics and spreading information concerning the clinical testing and its benefits. For enhancing the effectiveness of theprogram, its developers should choose gender sensitive indicators, such as comparative analysis of male and female patients and their motivation for undergoing a test.Advocacy is defined as a set of actions aimed at mobilization of individuals and governments for supporting unique(predicate) policies. Gender sensitive advocacy presupposes supporting gender related programs, strategies and legislations. Producing a gender sensitive advocac y plan requires preliminary analysis of significance of the problem, its actuality for both male and female population as well as expected positive consequences of changing the existing situation. Questions concerning change of gender relations within the organization must be understood and addressed before they can truly implement a gender and development strategy as part of their organizational structure (Mudgal 225).After defining the program objectives, it is possible to proceed to planning concrete actions, evaluating possible risks and identifying the target audiences. The next step after collecting the necessary information would be search of potential partners, such as womens organizations, for example. Three most important ways for making the plan gender-sensitive are analysis of the program on both male and female target audience, choice of gender-sensitive objective and gender-sensitive indicators.The main difference of the concepts of a network and coalition is in mand uction the common interests by the participants. Members of a network have got common interests it might be a smaller group, such as women labour union at a concrete organization. Members of this union have common interests and objectives. Coalition would consist of labour unions of several organizations, not sharing common interests but uniting their efforts for achieving the main goals of gender equity and equality.Women have been struggling for equal civil rights with men since nineteenth century. Within the latest decades the gap was decreased, still, the question of gender discrimination remains topical.BibliographyGender Mainstreaming Taking Action, Getting Results, UNFPA, 2008. Klein, Susan. Handbook for Achieving Gender Equity through Education. Mahwah, NJ Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 2007. Print. Mudgal, Shubha. Feminism and Status of Women. Jaipur Book Enclave, 2007. Print.

Face-to-Face Communication Is a Better Way of Communication Essay

Imagine that your sweetheart keeps talking to you through telephone, the Internet or letters and refuses to meet you face to face even for a meal, what willing you do? If I were you, I must be get crazy But things like this often happen in nowadays society. With the tuition of talk industry, people are getting used to various so-called fast ways of communication.Personally, however, no matter how fast and convenient those different communication modes send packing be, I think we should never abandon the most original way of communicationface-to-face communication, which is more vivid, interactive and easier for us to promote relationships with others. face to face communication can perk up it more fun and vivid to talk to others, because it contains much more nonverbal languages than other ways of communication. When you talk to a mortal face to face, you get eye contacts with each other, by which both of you can exchange your inside emotions.Furthermore, by observing the individuals gestures, you can likewise dope out his personalities and decide what kind of person he is. And maybe the least important one is that, as the old saying goes, all work force search for beauty, you can view the appearance of the person you are talking to, which might cause you rub out the birth of love if both of you are satisfied with each others appearance. All of these make it attachable for us to feel the person we are talking to is a genuinely and touchable individual.There are times when you have to deliver exact information to other people, and at such times face-to-face communication will be your first choice, because it creates an interactive and efficient conversation. Firstly, when you are talking to a person face to face, both of you can raise questions about anything you cant understand, so that the other person involved can explain it clearly in time, which contributes a lot to eliminate the misunderstandings and barriers of your communication.Secondly, a persons tactile property and voice can suggest his present mood, which can make it easier for you to perceive his subtle changes of emotion. Finally, in face to face communication, you can tell whether the words the person spoke are authentic through observing his facial expression , which can also ensure that the person you are talking to is a secretive one. All of these can make your talking more successful and efficient especially when you are negotiating with someone. Maybe the biggest advantage of face-to-face communication s that it can deepen your relationship with others, because it can kill the distance among people.When communicating face to face, you can see the smile on the persons face, which will make you feel warm and kind you can hug each other when youre getting excited and even a handshake can make you feel the respect from the other person. All that can make you get closer to each other, which may be hardly made attachable by communicating through telephone or e -mail. For instance, we are far away from home as college students, even if we call our parents almost everyday, we still feel wishful and lonely.Why? Because telephone can never make us feel as close as meeting each other face to face. And so does it among friends, if we dont meet each other face to face as often as possible, we will soon feel that our relationships are getting cold. In conclusion, with all factors taken into consideration, I totally agree that face to face communication is better than any other type of communication. Now, try to pass around with people face to face and you will find it more colorful and efficient than calling others through telephone or greeting each other just by sending an e-mail

Ramsey S. Cotron

ORTHOPEDIC CONSULTATION Patient pattern Ramsey S. Cotron Patient ID 023672 DOB 03/15/- Age 2 switch on Male Consultant Jessie D. Smith, MD, Orthopedics Requesting Physician Reed Phillips, MD, pediatrics Date of Consult 10/01/- Reason for Consult Infected Finger. HISTORY Ramsey is an otherwise level-headed 2-year-old Lebanese child who had an injury to the distal failing of his right middle finger the day prior to being seen. The patient is left-hand dominant. The patient was brought to Dr. Phillips of Pediatrics secondary to worsening redness as well as infection of the get word bed.Orthopedics consult was requested on 09/30/- for possible paronychia. The patient at that time was having no fevers or chills and he was tolerating his antibiotic regiment well. PAST MEDICAL SURGICAL HISTORY None other than circumcision shortly after birth. give birth HISTORY Normal full-term vaginal delivery. FAMILY HISTORY Non-contributory. SOCIAL HISTORY Patient lives with his mother and a siblin g, Father deceased. PHYSICAL EXAMINATION Ramsey is alert, oriented, playful, and in no apparent distress. The patient does have erythema surrounding the tip of his right distal failings, middle finger. There is mild purulent from the area.The area is minimally tender to palpation. The nail appears to be lifting off from the nail bed itself. He has good capillary refill and has good flexion and extension of that finger. (Continued) ORTHOPEDIC CONSULTATION Patient Name Ramsey S. Cotron Patient ID 023672 Date of Consult 10/01/- Page 2 ASSESSMENT This is a 2-year-old male with paronychia. PLAN Follow up with me at 9am tomorrow. Mother was devoted my pager number should the patients condition worsen overnight. I will be in touch with Dr. Phillips. _______________________ Jessie D. Smith, MD, Orthopedics JS D10/01/- T11/14/2012 C Reed Phillips, MD, Pediatrics

Finding the best use for degraded lands in western India Essay

This look into paper takes into account different approaches for the wont of land in the Western Ghats located on the west coast of India. First of every last(predicate) we will see how this research will persona the information that is coming ahead in order to patch up which approach should be taken into account. This needs answers and justifications that make an alternative better then the others. Whatever alternative me take upon, first thing first, we need to break up and enlist both the negative and optimistic horizontal surfaces separately so that we argon in a better position in order to make a decision on the behalf of the entire community.Then we need to see weather the alternative that is being implied is cost efficient which means that weather the cost incurred on the implementation of the programme does generate benefit to the community at the same magnitude (Prasad, 2002). A cost benefit analysis is to be dont in order to see weather the investment on such a prog ramme is beneficial or is a mere waste of change because at this situation, both the mint and the goernment pratnot take any risk regarding any such relief programme for which people establish been waiting for so abundant.In continuation to this approach, people of this area are anticipating a long-term solution to their peeing shortage problem, they want their problem to be solved in the same tenure of the government, without any further time lags, and similarly they want a solution that they discharge run themselves even after the administration changes. This is because a system being there and not having adequate resources or authentication to operate is just a mere waste of money and no use to the inhabitants of this village. (Prasad, 2002).The approach that we select through this research paper should be focused on more than nip off cultivation by the farmers of this area so that they can earn more revenue out of it and hence improve their standard of living. (Pras ad, 2002) The area that has been discussed in this research paper is the eastern flank of the Western Ghats in Mahrashtara, India. This area spreads over 180000sq kilometers and is one of the 34 global biologically diversified places. With 30% of all the mammals, plants, fishes and birds in the entire country, the land only comprises of 6% of the tally area of the country.This area holds great significance collectable to its richness in different type of medical that are used in bioengineering research methods and other medicines that we use daily. (Verne, 1999) The area is in addition known to be one of the richest due to its biodiversity. Moreover this area is likewise known for having centuries old heritage, values, culture and norms that are still practiced widely among the villagers. Apart from biodiversity, the area has some rich cultural and religious backgrounds which make them stand in the league of highly assorted cultures.They have different rituals norms and values which had led to the creation of separate religious sections which in turn affects decision make at the personal level and hence on the political front. Although, different cultures have brought diversity into the area, the main point over here is to keep them work together so the natural habitat for the endangered species can be saved and the area could be developed in order to protect the biodiversity of the area. (Bull, 2006)The social condition of the area is pathetic as the government officials are notoriously s rugged in providing the basic services resembling clean urine, schools, hospitals, banks and other recreational services. Lack of the basic amenities of manners makes living of the locals tough which in turn slows down the economic progress of the area. (Bonelle, 2005) Analyzing the topographical situation of the, the area has a mountainous terrain. It receives one-year rainfall of around 200-600mm. The rain fall has cycles which vary between two or three months an d normally occur between the period of June and September.Lack of water storage facilities makes water a scarce resource because all of its gets dried up in the extreme weather of May and June so there is a dire need of conservation of water. (Bull, 2006) The agriculture sector consists of rice as the only cash crop of this area which is cultivated in the monsoon season off dress out from June to September. Other crops like grains and pulses are grown after the cash crop is harvested. The fate of the growth of other crops depends on the soil fertility of the left over soil (after being used for sugar whip).Dearth of water coerces farmers to apply expensive fertilizers to keep soil fertile but they are unable to use them due to their exorbitant costs. In turn, these poor farmers have to settle for low quality natural fertilizers like dead leaves, ashes and cow dung which are procured from adjacent areas including other villages and localities. (Verne, 1999) There are three options or alternatives we have to offer to improve the situation of the local inhabitants by less(prenominal)ening their problems and improving their current recite of affairs. The alternatives are 1.A water shriek line to be made in association with the sugar beat up mill so cane could be grown in the area. This solution is not a unanimous one but it is suggested by the local politicians who represent the district and federal government. In this counsel the cultivated sugar cane will earn a handsome amount of revenue to the local originateulation will bring in water from far flung areas and will also serve the subscribe of sugar mill. In the long term, it will attract investment for other mills to be set up in the area which would bring in prosperity in the locality as it will create more reflects in the area.2. Best practices to be adopted from neighboring areas such as Aloke Taluka. Copying the solutions applied to similar problems in other areas shall be beneficial as it would m ade the conditions of local better, both economically and financially. 3. Lastly, what we can do is just to leave the plan as it is and look for a better venture because no other solution seems to be viable for a problem of this nature. Tackling the last problem first, if no heed is paid to the current problem, it would not harm the county itself except to the cause of biodiversity conservation.These Western Ghats have inhabitants of around 400 500 households only which not even contribute to a single percent in the GDP of the country. If we just look it from a different prism, we see that there are other lot of issues left to be dealt with so savings mammals and other endangered species is a good motif but not on the expense of already deprived humans who are dying due to insufficient calorie intake and earn less than 1$ a day which does not satisfy their daily needs. We all are aware of the fact that more than half of Indias population lives downstairs the poverty line and have no nutritious food at their disposal.(Lewis, 2004) Apart from this all, doing nothing on providing water to the locality, it would serve as a lug factor for villagers to leave this place and migrate to cities where they can earn good living and can live happily. Global warming is also playing its piece as the amount of rain fall is has decreased over the time and the future seems to be bleak too as there would hardly be any sufficient rainfall in years to rally. (Lewis, 2004). Secondly, copying the viable and practical practices adopted by Aloke Taluka village is something worth to ponder on.The topography of both the villages is more or less the same so the experience gained in one area will certainly help us out in devising strategies on the other area. It would make us analyze and learn what their residents have done for the nab and development of the village. (Verne, 1999) The village of Aloke Taluka has a very fascinating and capture programme to conserve water. It is so mething worth analyzing because it shows the desire by the inhabitants of the area to conserve water as it is a scarce resource for them.The jump out was initiated with the assistance and collaborationism of Windsor University of Canada and the cooperation of local government body. The main mission behind this program was to devise strategies which would pool in water from every possible place (mainly in the areas where the water gets wasted), turning it into a huge reservoir (Lewis, 2004) The land on which the agriculture takes place, had never been used before for this purpose so it remained rich and fertile which resulted in extra yield. Terraces were also built on the tops so to prevent water from running off the slopes and to stop soil erosion too.Another raise way to conserve water was to store water from the roof sheds of the houses. In this way, water was used in kitchens and for gardening purposes. Aquifers were made in a traditionalistic way so water could be stored in it. (Lewis, 2004)Various other contour bunds, damns and nalla bunds were built with the traditional designing and low excavations include ponds and trenches. These trenches were made at 90 degree to the slop of the hills to stop the runoff water and the rich fertile soil from the surface.Waste from farms was taken to field to make soil fertile. It just aboutly include cow dung and dead leaves. The elder generation of the village has also set up a committee in the area where meetings are held on the regular basis to talk about and converse things related to the farming practices. (Lewis, 2004). They believe that in the order they carried out their farming practices were far better than instantlys as it yielded good results. These nitty gritty and tips full of wisdom can only be found in the talk with the elderly men, can not be found in books.They train and coach their fellow farmers who always get something important to learn from them related to the field of farming. To give an example, there is a tree which is admired, valued and honored by the local community. On snooping it further, it was found that that type of a tree always grows in those places where table is closer to the surface, so the land can be dug out to bring out water easily. This research helped a lot as it uncovered many scram up and springs located in the area. The main advantage of this knowledge is that it makes researchers think for more sound and viable solutions.It makes them consider natural fertilizers available in the area like cow dung, burned leaves, ashes of left crop etc. (Lewis, 2004)The awareness of using clean water for the fields and live stocks brought many benefits for the village. Before its knowledge people were of the view that they can come with good amount of yield with any kind of water, whether it is dirty or clean. Now when they were made aware of the repercussions of the dirty water, they demand clean water as crops yields more, live stock remains healthy and copious amount of milk is being produced.This also had an overall positive nucleus on the hygiene of the village as they are getting healthy things to eat without any toxic or unhygienic elements in it. Notion of crop rotation is also practiced over there. It was first started in 16Th century and its main purpose was to give the fields some rest in order to gain some nutrition and minerals so it could give better yield in the next harvest. (Jeffery, 2001). . The disadvantages associated with this solution are also there. First of all they are dealing with the kharif crops and no other cash crops are added to the carts.Also, electricity and gas supply is required for sugar mill to start operating and until its approachability to the area the sugar mill unit can not be set up. Moreover, the water supply is not ensured as there is no stable canal in the area and it can be a big problem if rainfall cycle gets disturbed. (Jeffery, 2001) Tackling the very the first option of bringing the pipe line, the local representatives who have say in both the federal and district government came up with the proposal of bringing in water from a British made dam located 8km from the area through a pipe line in cooperation and collaboration of prize Mill.Seeing from the planners point of view, taking water from the neighboring dam will give a respite to locals from importing in costly water tankers from the dam. (Jeffery, 2001) One study positive point behind the whole project is that no hill slopes modifications are required for the construction of pipe line. If we scrutinize the positives of the project more closely we come to a conclusion that water pipe line is always imperative for a locality that is underprivileged due to the insufficient supply of water for most of the year.So in this regard if direct access of water is given to the village, it will not only be used for agricultural purposes but also for the domestic use too. body of water is the basic necessity of life so ease of its availability will certainly improve hygiene conditions of the locals. Most of the diseases which pop due to insufficiency of water shall be wiped out due to its supply. Most of all, water will bring in development in the locality as more people will be attracted to the place which would in turn lead to the social development of the area too.(Lewis, 2004). Sugar cane is a cash crop, so cultivating it will for sure help locality to raise its standards from the past. Growing sugar will also exert a pull on Sugar Mill owners to set up their plants near the area so they can procure the crop as soon as it is ready. This would bring in engagement for the villagers which would raise their income levels and thus will increase economic activity in the area. Extra revenues will lead to more investments in markets in the village which also include purchase of new land, making of new shops and stores etc.(Wirthman, 2001) If we see the dark side of the picture, one can harbin ger that in times to come the plan does not seem to be working efficiently as it is meant to be. First of all, pipe line is not going to generate enough function for the village which would give the locals a cushion against their financial problems. Moreover when pipe line is completed, villagers will realize that it was a momentary bonus for them as this job was not there on permanent basis. (Wirthman, 2001)Looking at the cultivation of the sugar cane itself, we find out that the farmers from that locality have a worn financial back bone. Sugar cane requires loads of high quality fertilizers and farmers can not afford it so if they use cheap fertilizers, it would produce low and substandard quality crop which would neither be valuable for the cane grower nor to the sugar mill. Also, if we divert our attention to the local government conditions we see that due to vested interests and nepotism, some groups would use their influence in the division of water from the pipe line.Apart form this maintenance of the pipe line is also a major issue. It is strongly believed that as the pipe line will be there in the hands of the government, it would not be properly maintain which would be drastic in the long term. (Wirthman, 2001) Laying down such a big pipe line is also a daunting task to undertake. Its maintenance is also one of he biggest issues to handle because if its maintenance costs overrun the economic interests of the locality, then it wont be considered as a good project to undertake.So option number one closes with its all positives and negatives. One big question which raises its ugly head is the cultivating sugar cane. Soil in this area had already lost valuable nutrients which had decreased its fecundity and with every harvest, it will continue to become less fertile. (Wirthman, 2001) The experts have already advised the locals not to grow cane in this area as the soil is on the brink of degradation. The reason is that sugar cane requires a lot of ferti lizers along with these nutrients.After two or three harvests, the soil looses its potency and turn into a low nutrient soil which is not good for growing next crop of sugar cane harvest, even for flash crops (grains, pulses). Thus in the long run, this pipe line will be used for the domestic purposes only in stead of lacrimation the field for growing the cash crops like sugar cane. (Wirthman, 2001) Conclusion In the light of all the positives and negatives discussed earlier, we firmly believe that the practices started by villagers of neighboring Aloke Taluka very often gratify all the questions brought forward in the beginning of the research paper.The consequences of these practices would result in great benefit for the entire village and its inhabitants (Verne, 1999). If we analyze it, we see that in the area, 20% of the houses have a direct access to the fresh water from springs whereas rest of the area have an access to water from other different sources which would uplift the living standards of that locality and will make people self sufficient in financial, economical and social terms which would in term enable them to rear their own amenities of life not being provided by government up till now.The average capacity of water available to people can be raised up to 750 liters a day and can rise further too. This can only take place if 73000cubic meters of water can be stored in around 14 masonry check damns and gabions (Wirthman, 2001). A winter crop can also be grown as an alternative or second crop. This all will generate economic activity in the area which will open up new markets for the villagers adding up extra revenues in their yearly income.Uplifting of standards will increase morale of people. They now have a sense that they need to keep their appearance reasonable and keeping up homes and houses is essential. wad will now have surplus resources which will be used in research purposes with different cash crops such as grafting and making new ways of minting money. When people will become self sufficient at the lower levels, they would be able to afford school for their children which in the long run will be beneficial for the whole society.Many of the well- off farmers has bought some machinery for their farms in order to mechanize threshing and plowing of their crops and fields. (Prasad, 2002). Reference Ameen, Retrieved June 20, 2008, from chitchat of the hill blade site http//westernghats. blogspot. com/(2001 April). Bonelle, M (2005) plants, Water and People in the Humid Tropics Past, Present and Future Hydrological Research for Integrated Land and Water Management (International Hydrology Series) . Cambridge University Press. Bull, A (2006).Forest Diversity and Management (Topics in Biodiversity and Conservation). Springer. Jeffery, R (2001) Conflict and Cooperation in Participatory Natural Resource Management (Global Issues) . Palgrave Macmillan. Lewis, M (2004). Forest Diversity and Management (Topics in Biodiversity and Conservation). Ohio University Press. Prasad, R (2002).Research Perspectives in Hydraulics and Water Resources Engineering . World Scientific Publishing Company. Retrieved June 21, 2008, from The Western Ghats Web site http//highrangephotography.com/wp/wpcontent/publications/SanctuaryAsia_Western%2 0Ghats_4_2001. pdf Simpson, Frank (1998). Retrieved June 21, 2008, from Conjunctive use of water resources in Deccan Trap Web site http//www. unesco. org/most/bpik13-2. htm Verma, Deepak Thematic Report on Mountain Ecosystems. Retrieved June 21, 2008, Web site http//www. cbd. int/doc/world/in/in-nr-me-en. pdf Verne, J (1991) The Extraordinary Journeys Around the World in Eighty Days (Oxford Worlds Classics) . Oxford Univ Press Wirthman (2001), A Geomorphology of the Tropics. Springer.

Chomsky Transformational-Generative Linguistics and Halliday Systemic Functional Linguistics Essay

anterior to unfold the compassion, personally, I am continuing to appreciate that reproductive and general attendal grammars persist as non-overlapping magisteria. Since they are non dichotomous or contrary, it should be accepted that its helpful to simply mend whizz in bounds of what the other(a) is not, if we want to safely conclude one is advantageous than the other, in that location must be a criteria or part relating to it.Nevertheless, the primary function of talking to is communication, if for this purpose, we must doubt that which theory is more applicable when determinationrs tangiblely produce or understand actors line. It is widely believed that, in the kind- tited of society we live in, mise en scene is an authorized element we have to take into consideration in diction think for the moment we understand the military personnel lecture. And thus we admit that systemic functional grammar is more unquestionable from TG grammar and has more advantages in terms of helping us use voice communication, understand messages and analyze discourses. In my observation, thither are at least six differences among systemic functional grammar and TG grammar as follows.1. TG grammar is the lingual magnetic variation that has been mostly influenced by and developed upon language course, whereas systemic functional grammar is the study of language finished meaning, i.e. its function. Chomsky insisted that linguals should go beyond merely describing syntactic structures, and aim to explain why language is structured in the way it is which includes explaining why other kinds of structures are not found. TG grammar solves the long unsolved question of traditional grammar the transition process from active tense execration to passive one. He thought that syntax is the center of lingual study which consists of surface structure and deep structure. Chomsky also put forward two important concepts competence and performance in his Aspects o f the Theory of Syntax. The former refers to a language users underlying cognition active the systems of rules, and the latter the actual use of language in concrete situations.For TG grammar, linguists task is primarily to describe competence because performance is impossible without competence. But, to Halliday, its more signifi natest to describe actual sentences with many functions not the idealized deep structure. He was concerned with the function of the sentence, what the writers purpose is in writing the sentence in other words, with the meaning. Language serves three major functions as the metafunction the ideational, the social and the textual functions. However, any full analysis of the sentence will inevitably need to take card of twain the meaning and the form.To summarize, Chomsky characterized form independently of meaning and function, while Halliday had good reasons to believe that meaning and function burn down help shape form. Both these approaches in lin guistics have their advantages and disadvantages and they can interact with to each one other complementarily. In fact, both of them represent the two directions of linguistic studies at present the vertical study of language in relation to thought and logic and the horizontal study of language with the social heathen framework. With both of them combined, we will have a full and complete suck up of language.2. TG grammar is an abstract set of reason out rules, while systemic functional grammar concentrates on context-dependent usage. In the second half of the last century, there strengthened up an immensely influential view of what the study of language should involve that insists that there is only one proper place to start from a view of language as an abstract set of reason rules detached from any particular context of use. This view, as we know today, is the TG grammar. TG grammars merely study the sentences that obey the rules of grammar. The meaning of sentence is mani fested by its deep structure and the form of sentence by its surface structure. TG studies the relationship between the deep structure and the surface structure, the generation of grammati treaty correct sentences and transformational rules.Halliday held a different opinion that he suggested the primary function of language is communicating meanings in particular contexts. Linguists should study the language actually in use, not in imaginary so-called language ideal structure. Moreover, language in use includes both the spoken language and written language both the regular rules of grammar and the irregular rules that can be silent and accepted. He considered language is a social semiotic which consists of field, tenor and mode. Language as social semiotic must be studied in social context. Functionalists choose meaning as endeavorive of linguistic studies, which is closely linked to the world, so they focus on the relation between language and the world, thought and culture.3, T G grammar takes linguistics towards biology, while systemic functional grammar takes it towards sociology. Simply to illustrate this point of view, TG grammar believes that language is innate SF grammar believes that it is learned. TG grammar believes that all humankind beings possess a grammatical program hardwired into the adept SF grammar does not he believes that grammar mirrors function is mastered through experience. TG grammar believes in Universal Grammar SF grammar does not. TG grammar believes that language exists separately from experience SF grammar believes that language only develops through experience of other people and the world around us. TG grammar is biology oriented SF grammar is towards sociology. More specifically, TG grammar believes that we are born with the required affable capacities. then a rigorously formal approach to the description of language leads us towards neurology and genetics. concord to Chomsky, language is the preliminary state of langua ge faculty existing in human mind and brain and a mental organ. It is a natural and innate object just like human heart or lung. Structuralists think children learn language through stimulus and response. Different from Chomskys views about the nature of language, Halliday considered language should be taken sociology and must be studied in social context. The systemic functional linguistics is a study of relevant features in the culture and society that form the context in which language is used, and which are at the same time constructed by the way in which language is used.To sum up, both approaches, through form and meaning, ask essentially the same question about language how can we explain why language has the main features that it does. But, whereas the form-based approach finds the answer in the way our brains are structured, the meaning-based approach finds it in the way our social context is structured. Fourthly, TG grammar is a kind of transformational generative grammar , while systemic functional grammar is based on a kind of reflexivity construe. By a generative grammar, Chomsky simply means a system of rules that in some explicit and well-defined way assigns morphologic descriptions to sentences.He believed that every speaker of a language has mastered and internalized a generative grammar that expresses his knowledge of his language. Thus a generative grammar attempts to specify what the speaker actually knows, not what he may report about his knowledge. Chomsky inclined that it is necessary to work out a grammar that, with a finite set of rules, can generate all the grammatical sentences in a language without generating a single non-grammatical sentence. One important implication of the functional view of language is that context and language are interdependent. On one hand, language could be seen as dependent on context, for example, when the speaker is in an informal context, he is likely to use informal language.On the other hand, the use of informal language also contributes to creating the informal context. We use the term construe to talk about this kind of reflexivity. Halliday paid more attention on the wordings than meanings for the reason that it is wordings that we can use to express the meanings. Fifthly, in systemic functional grammar, there is a special term election, while TG grammar has no choice because it is viewed as a set of rules detached from language use. From the point of view of systemic functional grammar, if we want to examine what a piece of language is intended to (i.e. its function), we cannot avoid thinking in terms of choice. Systemic functional grammar sets out to investigate what the range of relevant choices are, both in the kinds of meanings and in the kinds of wordings and to match these two sets of choices.The language choice system provides a number of choices of wording and structure. The object of language choice is regarded as grammatical rules in functional linguistics. Whil e studying the choices that are utilise to meaning or function, Halliday established the systemic functional grammar, consisting of the ideational, the interpersonal and the textual functions. The last but not the least, TG grammar sets out to study language completely uncaring from language use, focusing on propositional meaning, while systemic functional grammar applies to language use, emphasizing functional meaning.TG grammar is almost exclusively interested in what we can call propositional meaning, that is, the content of the sentence. If two sentences have exactly the propositional content and have no difference in surface form, they can be regarded as the same. Chomsky made a decision to study language isolated from the context so that the aim is to discover the rules which govern how constituents can be put together to form grammatically correct sentences, and to arrange these rules in a general way therefore each sentence is analyzed in complete isolation, both from othe r sentences and from the situation in which it might be used.To summarize, transformational-generative linguistics and systemic functional linguistics are two influential but quite contrasting approaches to linguistic study and reflect the two trends in linguistics development, providing an innovative value and important significance. TG grammar belongs to formalism which considers language and languages independently of other activities of communication, while systemic functional grammar inherits from functionalism which emphasizes that language are manifested in complex human activities closely linked with social interaction. They both play an important role in language instruct and learning.

Timed writing rewrite: the Prince

leaders of countries or Princes must make decisions that not many allow agree with, but be the scoop out for the populace and he must make them, no matter the cost. Niccolo Machiavelli uses logos, ethos and distinct throw diction to raise the necessity for a ruler to be able to make unpopular decisions, in an excerpt from his admit the Prince (1532). Throughout the excerpt Machiavelli uses logos to talk roughly this issue in a logical manner. His scratch line step in approaching this topic is when he states to the ratifier that others have tried to discuss how a prince should act.Machiavelli states that he is doing something along the same lines but what he says is that a prince must be able to do what is not seen as the right thing in the eyes of his people. He then goes to talk about the qualities a prince must have in order to make those tough decisions because not everything that a prince does will be loved by the people so he must learn to deal with this. Machiavelli ma nages to acknowledgment all of these points in his work while remaining logical and he uses ethos to try and show the reader a need for such rulers, who are capable of the doing the right thing for his people even if they disagree.An lawsuit of this attempt by Machiavelli to establish credibility can be found in lines 3 5 being my intention to write useful to him who apprehends it to follow up the real truth of the matter than the fancy of it this provokes a response from the reader that does have the effect it should have, it makes Machiavelli seem more credible in his strain and that this is not fair(a) some fairytale. That Statement made by Machiavelli shows how clear and precise his diction is and this helps him as he tries to prove that a prince must be able to unpopular things that will benefit his nation.The clear and focused diction that is used adds to this a whole new meaning of understanding where now those who are reading this book can picture what the governmen t needs to do for the betterment of society as a whole. Machiavelli persuades his readers using logos and ethos and clear precise diction in his work the prince because he knows just how important it is for our president of a free state is necessary to helping the people.

Ford Motor Company Analysis Essay

Executive Summary ford Motor Company is an Ameri bottomland automobile manufacturer founded and headquartered in Dearborn, Michigan but incorporated in the state of Delaw atomic number 18. The order was started by hydrogen Ford in 1903 and is historic altogethery famous for the creation and implementation of the assembly line in manufacturing processes. Fords mission is to produce and sell automobiles cars, trucks, SUVs, etc from the ones initi totallyy designed and engineered by Henry Ford all the way through the newer versions created in the last few years. (Profit competent Growth for tout ensemble, 2012)In 2011, the accompany performed strongly producing revenues of $134,264,000,000 and straighten out income of $20,213,000,000. Financial data has been gathered from the 2011 annual report and 10-K forms filed with the SEC for further analysis. adjunct A contains these reports and concomitant B contains select monetary symmetrys calculated in the analysis. The ratios are divided into six major categories short-term liquidity, capital coordinate and solvency, soften on invested capital, asset disorder, operating performance and profitability, and financial market measures. All six combine to provide an overall picture of financial health for the company. The below analysis provides try that, although Fords public store may be overvalued, the company itself is in proficient financial health.Company/Industry DescriptionFord is one of the worlds largest producers of cars and trucks but athe likes of engages in other business sectors, specificly vehicle financing, through subsidiaries. The major segments of the self-propelling production and gross revenue shell out include Ford North America, Ford south America, Ford Europe, and Ford Asia Pacific-Africa. Ford Motor assurance Company is the predominant financing subsidiary of the firm. ( gainful Growth for All, 2012) As of 2011, Ford Motor Companys vehicle cracks included Ford and Linco ln between the two lines, the company sold over 5.5 one thousand million vehicles through almost 12,000 dealerships around the world. (Profitable Growth for All, 2012) Since vehicles are long-wearing goods, Ford and the entire automotive persistence is highly affected by general scotch conditions. Given the 2008 financial crises and its lasting effects, the sale of durable goods has beenrelatively low in recent years.In addition to economic factors, Ford must also contend with competitors worldwide. The automotive industry is highly competitive and ever growing in terms of brands and the different vehicles offered by each. The high level of competition within the automotive industry, oddly in mature markets like the United States, has led to a very competitive pricing environment. Competitive pricing in automotive sales tends to surface in the form of price discounts, marketing incentives, and financing incentives to attract customers to a particular brand since vehicles do no t tend to be highly differentiated products. In terms of brand recognition, Ford is well known as one of few Ameri gash of tail car makers still halcyon and is probably best known for its pick-up trucks and sports cars, particularly the Mustang.Findings and AssumptionsSelect financial ratios flummox been calculated based on Ford Motor Companys financial statements from 2011 and can be found in Appendix B. The financial statements used for calculations are contained in Appendix A. Based on the calculations, analysis of short-term liquidity, capital structure and long-term liquidity, return on invested capital, asset turnover, operating performance and profitability, and financial market measures are included here.Fords short-term liquidity looks promising. The flow ratio of 1.16 is good it orders that the company can pay its short-term obligations 1.16 time. Typically, a current ratio over 1 is considered healthy, though higher is unquestionably better. (Wahlen et al, 2008) At first glance, Fords cash ratio of 0.52 seems a bit weak. It shows that, although the company can meet its short-term debts per the current ratio, it only has enough cash on hand to meet 52% of its short-term obligations. The financial statements included tend to combine cash and marketable securities into a category designate cash and cash equivalents. If the cash ratio is recalculated using this value instead of simply cash than the ratio improves to 1.10, which shows much stronger liquidity capabilities.Long-term solvency for Ford Motor Company also appears to be strong. The companys times interest earned ratio of 1.96 means that it can cover itsinterest charges on current debt issues almost two times over. This is a good sign that bankruptcy is not eminent and the company is solvent in the long-run. A higher debt to equity ratio means a company gets a larger portion of its financing from creditors than shareholders, though higher is a subjective measure and depends on the indus try. (Wahlen et al, 2008) self-propelled manufacturers tend to have debt to equity ratios above 2 because the industry is capital intensive. (Debt/equity ratio, 2014) Fords debt to equity ratio in 2011 was 10.89, far higher than the industry standard, potentially due to the circumstances of the time. The financial crisis of 2008 resulted in major financial bailouts crossways the automotive industry. These large levels of debt to the government would increase the debt to equity ratios of all companies that accepted the money.In addition to both short and long term solvency, a companys return on invested capital should be analyzed when determining its financial health. Fords return on assets from 2011 is 11.3%. This number seems strong on its own but the best information comes from comparing it to each competitors or previous years in the same company since return on assets varies drastically across industries. (Wahlen et al, 2008)) In 2010, Fords return on assets was only 4%. This increase is a epochal improvement since the two ratios show that, in 2011, $100,000 of assets would generate $11,300 in income while the same assets in 2010 would have only generated $4,000 in income. Fords return on equity in 2011 was 134%, a hugely impressive ratio This calculation shows that $100,000 in shareholder equity would generate $134,000 in income. Considering the ROE in 2010 was negative, this is an extreme improvement in profitability for the company.In 2010, Fords asset and register turnover ratios were excellent. The total asset turnover of 74.9% shows that the company is effectively deploying their assets and has been able to generate $74,900 profit for every $100,000 in assets. This is not surprising considering the high return on assets analyzed earlier. Days sales in scrutinise for Ford in 2011 was only 19 days meaning the company could convert inventory to sales in less than 3 weeks. Like return on assets, the acceptable level of inventory convertability va ries drastically from one industry to another. (Wahlen etal, 2008) In recent years, automotive companies have averaged over 60 days for this inventory ratio. Fords 2013 days sales in inventory was almost 90 days and change magnitude by 26% to over 100 days in January of 2014. These increased numbers are possible a result of the slow economic recovery and consequential decrease in car sales. (Young, 2014) operate performance and profitability ratios, including fixed asset turnover ratio and operating performance ratio, also show financial strength for Ford Motor Company. The fixed asset turnover ratio of 5.62 shows that the company is able to generate significant revenues from fixed assets, i.e. property, plant, and equipment. Fords operating performance ratio of 15.06 also shows that the company is performing strongly.Fords price-earnings ratio of 3.15 means the companys stock was trading at 3 times the earnings value as of December 31, 2011. This shows that investors were willing to pay 3 times its worth to own Ford stock, signifying that earnings growth was expected. The market-to-book ratio of 4.23 means that the market value of the stock is 4.23 times the book value of the same stock. In other words, Fords stock was overvalued in excess of 4 times its book value. Crucial FactorsMany crucial factors play a agency in analyzing a companys financial situation. Some of these factors are internal such as management, particularly changes in management, and the business model. Other factors are external examples include governmental action, competitors, and the overall economic state. The above analysis of Ford Motor Company incorporated numerous crucial factors when interpreting the selected ratios and their piece in the overall financial health of the company.ConclusionsOverall, Ford Motor Company seems to be in good financial health as of the end of 2011. Both short and long term solvency are strong, particularly when marketable securities are included in the cash ratio calculation. Fords capital structure is heavily tilted towards creditors, though this is seeming due to the governmental bailout and lack of investors in the slowly recovering stock market. Return on assets and return on equity are bothimpressive, particularly when compared to data from the previous year. In 2011, Ford had excellent asset and inventory turnover statistics. Unfortunately, these have since declined most likely due to the decrease in automotive sales in todays slowly recovering economy. Operating performance and profitability standards both show financial strength and good performance, though the financial market measures indicate that investors may be more ambitious than they should be about the performance strength.References(2012). Profitable growth for all Ford travel company 2011 annual report. Retrieved from Ford Motor Company website http//corporate.ford.com/ doctor/2011 Ford Motor Company AR_LR.pdf Debt/equity ratio. In (2014). Investopedia. Retrieved from http//www.investopedia.com/terms/d/debtequityratio.asp United States Securities and Exchange Commission, (2012).Ford motor company 10-k . Retrieved from Ford Motor Company website http//phx.corporate-ir.net/phoenix.zhtml?c=87772&p=irol-SECText&TEXT=aHR0cDovL2Fwa S50ZW5rd2l6YXJkLmNvbS9maWxpbmcueG1sP2lwYWdlPTgwODI3MDYmRFNFUT0wJlNFUT0wJlNRREVTQz1TRUNUSU9OX0VOVElSRSZzdWJzaWQ9NTc= Wahlen, J., Baginski, S., & Bradshaw, M. (2008).Financial reporting, financial statement analysis, and valuation. (7th ed.). Mason, OH South Western CENGAGE Learning. Young, A. (2014, Feb 13). Us new auto inventories highest since 09 gm, volkswagen top list kia, hyundai up most toyota stock at healthiest level. International Business Times, Retrieved from http//www.ibtimes.com/us-new-auto-inventories-highest-09-gm-volkswagen-top-list-kia-hyundai-most-toyota-stock-healthiest

Media and Body Image †Essay Essay

How does the media decide our body plan? In what forms, does the media influence our perceptions about our body? These were the two questions that I asked myself in order to do the research paper and the panel discussion. In my opinion, I would agree that the media does influence and get ahead women and men to believe that the cultures standards for body regard ar ideal. Hence, the phrases, slight is in and the perfect body ar two examples of eye-catching headlines that I observed in legion(predicate) women magazines. I learned that the media influences us through television, fashion and health magazines, music videos, film, commercials, and various some other advertisements. Sadly, as a result, this repeated exposure, the thin ideal, can lead many newborn girls in triggering eating disorders, depression, low self-esteem, stress, and suicide. by and by acquiring this relevant information, I decided to focus my research on what type of media influences elementary shoal chi ldren and the adolescent teenager. The three central types of media that I found that did then influence body image atomic number 18 Fashion magazines, famous bakshish-models and actresses, and teenage or young adult women in the music industry.According to the Seretean affectionateness for Health Promotion, the term, body image has been coined to describe a persons inner sense of gaiety or dissatisfaction with the physical appearance of her/his body. (From The Wellness Column, April 1, 1996.) In my research, I found that many young girls argon dissatisfied with their bodies and many strive to ensure resembling the waif-thin models or actresses one sees on television or in fashion magazines. There was a lot of information and facts on body and image that I found on the Internet. However, one website, sightly Think Foundation, supported my belief that the media, magazines in particular, do indeed influence young girls to be thin in order to be popular and beautiful in our so ciety. For example, I was in alarmed to learn that eighty percent of 10-year-old American girls diet more than vanadium million Americans suffer from eating disorders and ninety percent of those be adolescent and young adult women the public figure one magic wish for young girls age 11-17 is to be thinner and between elementary and full(prenominal) school, the percentage of girls in the U.S. who argon happy with the way I am drops from 60% to 29%. (from Just Think Foundation)These facts werefrom the JTFs Body Image Project compiled by Jean Holzgang that is an aw arness campaign on body image. In fashion magazines, many young girls see waif-thin models like Kate Moss who is one of many top models that sadly represents the perfect body image that young girls are striving towards. Unfortunately, many teen girls do not understand that looking exactly like their favorite supermodel is unrealistic. In fact, as for the supermodel photos, many are retouched before they are printed out, the fashion clothes are often duct-taped to enhance fit, many blemishes are cover or altered, there is at least two inches removed from the thighs, and the average fashion model weighs 23-25% slight than the average woman. All this in order to create that ideal or perfect body image everyone is striving for and sadly dying for. This compulsion to be thin has led many young girls to adjudge a negative body image that dangerously paves the way to eating disorders, such as Anorexia and Bulimia, in order for them to achieve their desire for thinness.In television and movies, many teen girls watch and observe these actresses, such as Calista Flockhart, Courtney Cox, Jennifer Aniston, Gweneth Paltrow, Lara Flynn Boyle, and many others who hand seemed to have went from an average weight to a sickly, death look. This seems to be setting a dangerous trend for the American culture, particularly women and young girls. In fact, there are endless images of thin women on television, in movies , in women and mens magazines and in commercials. For instance, these Hollywood usage models do have a great impact on young viewers and many parents are very worried that their daughters are trying to imitate their favorite stars.According to Adrienne Ressler, body-image specialist at the Renfrew meat in Coconut Creek, Fla., For adolescents, the ideal for the person they want to be when they grow up is either a movie star, TV actress or supermodel, and the emphasis is very much on external appearance. Our patients would die-and practically do-to look like Calista Flockhart. ( People, 10-18-99) In the music industry, the most popular media influence is the music video and the types of fashion trends the agent displays onstage. The most popular young adult performer is teen sensation Britney Spears. This pretty, young lady is solely 17 years old and already has had a huge impact on the teen girls. For example, recently, take to the woods Spears was on the cover of Rolling Stone m agazine and she stirred up controversy when it appeared to look like the singer hadbreast enhancements or simply, breast implants. (In all fairness, I did not have a fate to view that cover of Rolling Stone.) Miss Spears has denied the breast implant allegation and is quoted as saying her sire would kill her if she had such a operation.However, I read that many fans believe that she does look different from her first-year video, Baby One More Time, with her latest, Sometimes, in that her breasts do look like they were surgically enhanced. This rumor has a great deal of parents worried that their own daughters might want to emulate the teen pop nonpareil because she is promoting the ideal image of a young girls body. Another example of a music video image is Victoria Beckham (Posh Spice) of the well-known Spice Girls. She was considered a head-turner because of her curvaceous good looks and designer clothes. So, know one would have thought of her as over-weight or too curvy, but at a recent Fashion party, many onlookers were stunned to see Beckhams jutting ribs and collarbones that fellow guests replied, She definitely looks like shes had a melodramatic weight loss. (People, 10-18-99) These two examples plus the dozens of others I have read through my research, have allowed me to fuck to the conclusion that, many of Hollywoods most notable actresses and performers have become partners in the thin is in look in this industry.In my opinion, this is very disturbing and very dangerous for many young girls who look up to these women as Role models. In conclusion, I hope that T.V., magazines, music videos, commercials, retail stores and other mediums realize that there are women of all different shapes and sizes, there is a higher percentage of women that are usually an average size of 12 and there is evidence that a lesser percentage of women who are a size 2 to 4. Unfortunately, it is the size 2 to 4 women who are being recognized as the ideal body image in o ur society. Furthermore, I would rather have more women like Kate Winslet, Rosie ODonnell, Emme, and many other average women on the covers of popular magazines and in television. These are the true role models for me, the ones who promote healthy ways to lose weight, promote healthy ways to like yourself for who you are, and not promote the membranous body image that engrosses our mind

Big Time Toymaker Essay

The system to practice scenario between Big Time Toymaker and chow chow in my opinion entered into a contract in two separate occasions. The first period was the verbal agreement Big Time Toymaker (BTT) made with Chou three days before the 90 day period ended and then on that point was the e-mail Chou received that gave him the terms, time frame, price and obligations at this point Chou felt that there was an demonstrable contract. The one point that could help Chou in this case is that he has an email to prove that there was some sort of intent there from BTT regarding a contract. On the other hand the one subject that may count against Chou is that he never received whatsoeverthing in writing, which would be the authentic contract. The fact that both parties were communicating by email does impact my analysis.Companies send emails to one another all the time discussing terms and agreements and the fact that they had spoken and made a prior agreement verbally counts as the sign agreement and the email would be follow up. A contract consists of all parties that are involved to leave a signature and if they verbal agreement would not have taken place before the email then my decision would be different. I feel that Chou has the right to feel that he was get into into a contract with BTT but should have followed up for a written contract. The role of fraud has compete a role in this scenario according to the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC), the sale of goods for more than $500.00 and whatsoever lease transaction for goods of $1000.00 or more (Melvin,2011).In this scenario Chou received $25,000.00 in exchange for the duologue rights for 90 days from BTT. This is not a mistake under the doctrine of mistake because in bon ton for this to take place there would need to be a unilateral mistake made in the contract and there was not one and neither was there an actual written contract. If there was an actual contract there could have been laws applied to wards strict liability as well. For the sake of argument presumptuous that the email served as a sufficient contract then BTT was in rape of the contract. BTT was in breach by not distributing the game as they agreed. With BTT breaching the contract Chou can seek compensation for any damages and any loss.

'Information System' Report about 'Node.JS' Essay

Information System Report about Node.JS - adjudicate ExampleThe kind of application programs running is unimaginable since they be effectively connected to the web for clients and the server for organizations. The applications are then encapsulated to other environments like flash and Applets of Java. The main aim for Node.js is to create websites that are able to declare a push and real time capability.The application Node.js was introduced in the year 2009 and it was created by Ryan Dahl. It is a political platform environment that is built with a JavaScript background that is supported by Google Chromes JavaScript engine that is the hot among other JavaScript engines. The application has a large depend of users online using it including web developers. The application is able to charge a large number of users due to its scalability. With the function, Node.sj has been accepted by a large number of organizations including Facebook and EBay. The application is known for havi ng an ability of becoming event driven which allows the web web browsers to respond only when the user responds or performs a function. The resources spent when a web browser is running is much less since the application allows the browser only to respond when a user is working and it enables the connection in that same period.This is an environment that has been utilize in a large number of institutions and organizations including Passmores University. In the university, Node.js is widely used since it has a number of characteristics that truss to the rules of the environment. There are a large number of students registered at the university using web browsers. The same number of the students increases every year. Due to the scalability of the environment, all the students are being recorded into the servers inclusive of their academic and administrative records. In case information in the database is altered, it is able to be reflected in other user (Students and administrators) (TEIXEIRA, 2012).Node.js

Engagement Exercise Create and Explain your own Example Essay

Engagement Exercise Create and Explain your own Example - undertake ExampleIn my capacity as an Asian, I would like to point out that I was introduced to a very good culture. All along, I have learnt to respect my culture and use it to define my religion, language, communicatings and relationship with other plenty. I always endure that I should relate salutary with other heap since my closeness with them can help me a great deal. Also important, is the respect, acceptance, discretion and appreciation of other peoples culture. Since my childhood, my parents have been telling me that I should be ready to respect other people however if they have distinct cultural beliefs from my own.One day, when I was in college, I met a man from a different culture. So, despite coming from a conservative community that restricts the relationship between people of different genders, I had to greet him without any fear. Also, I had to take my time to be close to him and discuss a lot with him. Even if I knew that this is something not accepted by my culture, I had to do it because of my colleague who comes from a different culture. It was a good thing to do because it showed respect and enabled us to communicate so well without any barrier. Since that day, I have been effectively communicating with people from different cultural backgrounds.My experiences demonstrate how the acceptance, understanding and tolerance of other peoples culture can be of great contribution to the conversation process. This has made me to be an effective communicator who relate so well with other people. As a communication expert, I know that intercultural understanding is necessary for a healthy relationship between different people. cod to my free interactions, I have managed to learn different aspects of other peoples cultural traditions. This has enabled me to know how to use verbal and non-verbal communication strategies. At the same time, it has prepared me to be a critical hearer who d oes not only lend my