Hamlet, Fortinbras, Laertes †Revenge Essay

One of the overriding themes of William Shakespeare’s Hamlet is the futility of revenge. The most obvious insistence upon revenge in the play is that of Hamlet himself who seeks to right the wrong of the murder of his father by Claudius. Both Laertes and Fortinbras are also out to seek revenge. Every one of the three eldest sons had one thing in common: they all wanted revenge for a slaughtered father. In the time in which this play is set, avenging the murder of a father was part of one’s honor, and it had to be done. All of the three sons swore vengeance, and then acted towards getting revenge for the deaths of their fathers. Shakespeare demonstrates how rage emerges in many different forms. Hamlet, Laertes, and Fortinbras bring the theme of revenge to life, revealing the complexity and richness of human feelings. Hamlet’s method of revenge is perhaps the poorest method of all. He spends too much time thinking about his actions and takes no immediate action without premeditative thought. Hamlet’s reaction to the ghost changed after thought and this was his main problem. His approach to achieving revenge was incorrect from the start. He thought and planned to catch Claudius at the ‘right’ time; he excused himself and reasoned with himself as to why timings were not right. Laertes has no need for revenge until Hamlet kills his father, and he finds out that his sister is dead. It is for this reason that he goes along with the scheme to kill Hamlet, however he falters towards the end. His last words blame Claudius; however Hamlet also dies, and so his revenge is complete. After Hamlet kills Polonius, Laertes faces the same problem that Hamlet does – a murdered father. Yet, Laertes’s reaction to his father’s death is very different from Hamlet’s response to news of his own father’s murder. While Hamlet broods over the murder for much of the play, Laertes -takes immediate action. He storms home from France as soon as he hears the news, raises a crowd of followers, and invades the palace. Then he starts asking questions – unlike Hamlet, who asks a whole lot of questions before he finally gets around to avenging his father’s death. Fortinbras’ revenge is driven by honor. He is an important foil for Prince Hamlet, who has also lost a father and now finds himself seeking revenge. Fortinbras wishes to recover the territory that was lost when his father died. Fortinbras feels that his father’s death and loss of Norwegian land brings dishonor upon his father and upon himself. Therefore, he needs to recover the land in order to regain his family’s honor and the honor of the nation. Fortinbras is also humbled by his father’s death. He believes that regaining the territory lost during the war will restore the honorable conditions in Norway that existed before the war. But, while Hamlet sits around contemplating life and death, Fortinbras takes clear and immediate action by raising an army to reclaim Norway’s lost territories. Though his uncle (the current king of Norway) diverts Fortinbras from attacking Denmark, in the end, prince Fortinbras helps himself to the Danish throne. Hamlet, Laertes and Fortinbras seek retribution for the violent deaths of their fathers in different ways and for different reasons, but all three acts of revenge contribute to the theme that revenge is ultimately a pointless endeavor. Hamlet’s brooding over the morality of the act of revenge stands apart from that of the other two men because he represents the coming of a more enlightened age. Cold-blooded murder of the type that Laertes seeks is not acceptable to Hamlet; indeed he also seeks everlasting punishment. The revenge of Fortinbras is caused by the desire to regain a lost land of little consequence, pointing to the theme of how revenge can be enacted for the most illogical of reasons. Ultimately, the most successful method of revenge was Fortinbras’. He did not intend to use violence or cold-blooded murder but rather to seek what is his and bring back the rights and honor of his father.

The Pirates of Penzance

The Pirate of Penzance is a movie rendition of the operetta of the same title by Gilbert and Sullivan. The said film was released in 1983 and tells the story of Frederick, a young pirate who decides to change his ways when he meets Mabel and falls in love for the first time. As a comedic opera, the movie is worthy of the great reviews it receives from present day critics. However, I personally think that the director did not take advantage of the film techniques that could have smoothened the whole thing. He wanted to catch the raw aspect of Gilbert and Sullivan’s work, to a point that the settings were way off key; there’s a cinematic experience missing. Aside from being both musical factors, I think that the Little Stores of Horror and the Pirates of Penzance shared little in common; unless of course we entertain the general theme of romantic relations. In terms of power struggles, we could see the attempt of two individuals to overcome the control of people and plant they have come to love. In contrast however, the musical score of the two films differ. On one hand is a more classic, theatric composition/performances and on the other is a more modernized and jazzed up Little Shop of Horror. Both movies did epitomize the absolute masculine as the protagonist but instead chose to have a â€Å"nerd† and Frederick was not played out in a machismo kind of way. All the three films; Little Shop of Horrors, The Music Man, and The Pirates of Penzance include love between two rather unlikely couple. Little shop is a cult movie by people’s standards today and does not really offer bright approach to it self. We see a person eaten up, or the dentist body being cut up. This is something one would never expect to see in the other two films. The Music Man offers a tad bit more similarity in plot and characters with the Pirates of Penzance. In terms of the inner conflicts of both films; there is sameness in manner which the two protagonists are at a state of leaving and evolving from their old and assumed to be bad lives. A key element in their desire to turn a leaf is two women. One is a daughter of a Major General, Mabel; while the other is the town’s librarian. In comparing we could say that Mabel and Ms. Marian accept the conflict of the two heroes differently. Mabel is more accepting and shows her self to be the first person to answer Frederik’s request. Ms. Marian on the other hand was the one insistent in the fraud nature of Professor Hill. While one seeks for her lover’s acceptance, the other asks for change and even agrees to hide the salesman’s identity. Being the con-artist salesman shares a resemblance to being a pirate if we think about it; coming in an innocent town and pillaging or deceiving in order to gain and then get up and leave. I would not have believed that Kevin Kline would ever sing in a film, especially an operetta on which he plays a Pirate King. The latter was able to capture the aim of showing these particular band of pirates as non-ferocious kind, who really are not as buccaneer as they would want to be. There is this particular charm in the manner in which Kline handled the role. The Pirates of Penzance does not bank on realism; however the portrayal of Pirate King had a certain kick to the whole flick. In terms of singing voice we could easily see that this man can; compared to Matthew Broderick and James Seymour. Kevin Kline took on the role and revealed the comedic and some what joke like layer that surrounds the Pirate King. One of my favorite characters of the Play is the Major General played by George Rose. As we could see his voice is able to replicate the demands of the original operatic performance. There is versatility in the type of tones he could play with in his character. One may take him as the little funny man of the show but at the same time when he explicitly shifts to his authoritative position as Major General, he is still able to bring out the rawness of the humor and the performance. These two individuals tended to carry the show especially where the hero, Frederick lacked. I am unsure if he played his role according to specifications or the actor playing the part simply was an amateur and did not know how to attack the character. He seems to be one of those 1980’s aspiring rockers who are a tad bit effeminate. The initial coming together of Gilbert and Sullivan was through the opera Thespis (1871) at which their approach then was spontaneous and risquà ©. The Producer, Richard D'Oyly Carte was a key figure in shaping and maintaining the creative collaborations of the two. the age difference of the two men probably helped in providing a balance the works they worked together. Gilbert was hand on in his approach to theatre and made sure that everything was in order. He wanted actors to imbibe the absurdity of the characters as if they were more real and no logical alternative is possible. Sullivan on the other hand focused mainly on the musical scores; meaning the two kept clear to a certain extent of each one’s area of responsibility. However in later years, we are able to see falling out between the two due perhaps to their difference in theatrical direction. One did not see the point of working with the other. It was unfortunate since the humor and crispness of Gilbert’s craft is dressed well with the fresh notes of Sullivan. To be honest, I found the spectacle of the movie quite cheap. Perhaps this was due to the desire to maintain the authenticity of a Gilbert and Sullivan opera; however in terms of set, things could be way better. It turned out to seem like the scenes are shot on a studio crafted for a local children’s program. The pirate king and Frederick had on something that cuts across old pirate with 80’s new wave. Fredrick’s costume is not really reminiscent of the stereotypical pirate, resembles more of a Spanish Bull Fighter crossed with a Spanish gun fitter I think that the color of his shirt and the dual belts and the knee high boots give this impression The theme is a coming of age, love and honor despite what one has grown to live as. There is of course the factor of finding humor and humanity in those we have often deemed to be scoundrels. The relationship between collective belonging and individuality is seen. Reference: Wilford Leach (1983),   The Pirates of Penzance, film, original from Gilbert and Sullivan.

Religion in the Society

Religion in the Society Introduction Religion plays an important role in the society. More so, the role of religion in shaping the political, economic, and social principles of a religious society is profound (Putnam and Campbell 2). Through the influence of religion in shaping societal principles, the church has had a crucial role to play in the development of different American communities.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Religion in the Society specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This paper focuses on the African-American community and examines the importance of the church to its sustenance. Later, this paper explores the future of religion in America as an indication of what to expect from the growing importance of religion in the American society. Importance of the church to African-Americans The church as an institution has played a pivotal role in shaping the lives of African-Americans. Its importance spans through its political and soc ial significance. For example, historically, African–Americans have depended on the church to support them on social and political issues when most institutions could not. One such example is the fight to abolish slavery. Few institutions spoke about the practice but the church firmly stood for the emancipation of the African-American community from slavery. The church’s stand marked the start of political activism for the â€Å"black† church because African–American ministers often warned against divine punishment for people who supported slavery. African-American Christians were therefore encouraged to question the justification of slavery in the society because it opposed the fundamental principles of Christianity (such as, â€Å"equality† in the eyes of God). Besides the role of the church in advocating for the abolishment of slavery, the church equally played a pivotal role in the reconstruction of the African-American community. The role of t he Church in this regard is especially profound because historically, poverty, chaos, and uncertainties have characterized the African-American community. The church helped the African-American community to overcome these challenges by developing skills and talents for the overall improvement of the community. Initiatives started by African-American missionaries supported this work. Consequently, African-American missionaries built schools and other educational institutions to help the African-American community get the required skills needed for personal growth (Johnstone 332). These initiatives led to the emergence of independent African-American institutions of higher learning.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Challenges of slavery and poor social and economic growth among the African-American community did not capture (fully) the extent of the social, economic, and political issues facing the African-American community. Indeed, as Johnstone (333) says, the African-American community struggled with other pressing social, political, and economic issues, such as, racial violence, racial inequality, and social injustice. The church played a pivotal role in opposing such vices. Mainly, the church played a crucial role in fighting for the rights and freedoms of the African-American community through the civil rights movement. The role of the church in the African community has therefore been monumental and this is why the church has a significant influence in the lives of many African-Americans today. Future of Religion in America Religion still plays a crucial role in the composition of America’s social, economic, and political welfare. However, evolving trends and issues in the American society show that America’s religious life may change significantly (Brown 1). Based on the trends and the history of religion in America, it is safe to foresee a growing religious diversity in America. Brown (1) projects that this religious diversity may manifest (fully) in the next five decades, to symbolize a period where religious diversity affects corporations, communities, and culture. This religious diversity continues the trend of a growing acceptance for diverse religious views witnessed in the American society since 1965 when Lyndon Johnson enacted the immigration act. In other words, from the diversity of the American society, different religious groups are bound to sprout and become part of mainstream American society. In fact, some religious groups, which most Americans considered part of â€Å"world religions† (like Buddhism, Islam, and Sikhs) now form part of America’s religious fabric. Therefore, in the future, religion in America will be more diverse, to reflect the growing diversity of the American society. Conclusion After weighing the findings of this paper, I am convinced that the church has pl ayed a critical role in the development of the African-American community. Its role in uplifting the welfare of African-Americans trace to the slavery period where the church found a political footing in advocating for the rights of African-Americans. Now, the church plays a crucial role in uplifting the social and economic standards of the African-American community.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Religion in the Society specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Furthermore, the church continues to tackle several issues facing the African-American community, such as, racial discrimination and social injustice. These insights inform my opinion of the strong importance of the church in improving the social, political, and economic welfare of the African-American community. This paper also demonstrates that the future of religion in America mirrors the growing diversity of the American society. In this regard, this paper fore sees an expanded religious dynamism in the American society (to reflect the growing tolerance of religious views in America). This diversity will influence corporations, governments, and communities in the future. Brown, David 2001, Future Trends in American Religion. Web. https://www.futurist.com/articles-archive/future-trends-in-american-religion/. Johnstone, Ronald. Religion in Society, A Sociology of Religion (eighth edition), London: Pearson, Prentice-Hall, 2007. Print. Putnam, Robert, and D. Campbell. American Grace, How Religion Divides and Unites Us, New York: Simon Schuster, 2010. Print.

buy custom Toyota Crisis essay

buy custom Toyota Crisis essay This essay examines the problems that have befallen Toyota for the last six years. These problems caused a major crisis in its reputation. In 2009, Toyota faced a major drawback from its leaky technology in designing the acceleration pedal and its installation in the vehicles. This misfortune in the acceleration pedal resulted in recall of more than eight categories of its most popular vehicles. The recall of these faulty vehicles resulted in stagnation on the sales of the other brand categories all over the globe with its North American and European production and sales plants being hit the worst. The repair of this bug in the design and the fatal accidents recorded as result of this problem brought the famous brand name under public scrutiny. It incurred heavy drops in its profit margin and customer loyalty that it had boasted for decades. Therefore, this paper will design the chronological timeline in which these crises in Toyota took place with the aim of demystifying the underly ing factors that resulted in its occurrence. The revelations made in the crisis timeline areexpoundedby scholarly works ofMitroffandRoux-Dufort models of crisis management and they could be implemented in theToyota brand crisis. TheMitroffcrisis management model iscomposedof five phrases that elaborate the process of deviating and minimizing crisis in organizations. These phases are: the signal detection phase, prevention or preparation phase, crisis or damage containment phase, organization recovery phase and, lastly, the learning phase. The crisis signal detection phase entails focusing on finding signals that show looming of a crisis in the organization. The signalsidentified as deviating from the normal are a part and parcel of the organizations daily operationsareisolatedif they show any symptoms that depict a crisis. This phase is paramount and istaken seriously by all relevant stakeholders in the organization (Mitroff, Pearson Harrington, 2006). The prevention or crisis preparation phase deals with delineating the organisation activities towards eliminating and minimising the organisation weaknesses that are prone to the crises and its vagaries. The elimination processis based on the warning signalsi dentified in the first phase of theMitroffcrisis management process model. This proces eliminates absolutely or prepares the organisation for the crisis (Pearson Mitroff, 2003). The crisis containment or damage phase commences when the crisis is inevitable. In this phase, organisations deal with damage control as a result of the crisis. Toachieveproper control of damagethe organisation must have well-prepared plans to prevent the damages that arise as result of the crisis from spilling out of control.The availability ofelaborate plans to mitigate the size of damageof the crises in the organisation is very vital. This is because it helps the organisation in dealing with all shortcomings that face it more concisely, given that it has limited time to formulate intensive crisis management plans that would end any damage it would incur while the crises are unfolding. Phase four of the model entails recovery of the organisation. This phase makes sure the damageincurred by the organisation as a result of the crisisis repaired. The repair process takes into consideration two issues. First, the process establishes the most critical ways and actions that itsmanagement should carry out to make sure that the organisation would survive the damages of the crises. Secondly, the organisation drafts waysmeant to make sureit serves its most loyal customers after the crisis. TheMitroffmodel last phase of learning involves a close examination of the events that startedthe crisis. This phase focuses on the pre-crisis, the crisis and post-crisis events. This examination enables the organisation management to learn a number of lessons that amass newer knowledge on such events. As a result, the organisation is able to enhance its capabilities to forecast, prevent and mitigate the effects of a similar crisis in the future. This phase makes organisationthe benchmark that other organisations can draw lessons from or consult when they face similar problems (Jordan-Meier, 2011). In order for Toyota to address this problem, it had toimprovise and be ready to the results that would trickle forth. This improvisation stipulates that Toyota had to come up with new ways of management that it would deploy in curbing and eradicating the crisis that had plunged it into murky waters. To support this conclusion,Roux-Duforttheory of crisis management advocates for exceptional management of crisisisused. This field of crisis management is essential and it requires that an organization has organization contingency plans and watertight pre-crisis and post-crisis management plans. In showing the danger that an organization faces in times of crisis,Roux-Dufort (2001) formulates a theory of crisis that draws its foundation in closer relationship with the mainstream of organization. This approach strengthens the organizations capabilities of handling crises and its ability to cope with these changes both in the long-term and short-term. This theory is critically important to t his essay. This is because Toyota needed to strengthen its organizations capacities to cope with lasting changes on the acceleration pedal problem that was attributed to its faulty design. This theory is the premise of this essay in managing the crisis at Toyota. This is because it focuses on specific events during the crisis. For instance, after it became eminent that Toyota could no longer shift the blame in the acceleration pedal to its customers, Toyota had to forcefullyrecall the faulty vehicles and redesign these components (Coombs, 2011). As noted by Roux-Dufort (2001, p26) theMitroffandRoux-Dufortcrisis management models have articulately expressed their stand on operation-oriented and process-oriented strategies in mitigating crises in an organization. They have inculcated knowledge to the management on the explicit need to find crisis solution and learn from it to prevent recurrence of such an event in the future. This knowledge has clearly aligned with the chronological Toyota crisis timeline as illustrated in the diagram above. These models clearly illustrate the essay. This canbe tested in alignment to the knowledge on crisis managementprocedures and processes that would eventually improve the organizations performance after the tide of crises it was facing pass. This is clear in the Toyota case. The world-class car manufacturer overcame the crises it was facing and successively restored its reputation. Itattainedthis through operation and process oriented processes as those illustrated by the two models. This h as helped to minimize uncertainties that might happen in the future. It has also set precedents for similar businesses by enriching them with knowledgeexpected to enhance their capabilities in managing crises of the same sort. Buy custom Toyota Crisis essay

Write the benefit part of the issue Is It Time to Think Seriously Essay

Write the benefit part of the issue Is It Time to Think Seriously About Climate Engineering - Essay Example and Atlantic ice sheets which pose a great environmental danger to the ecosystem thus an alternative measure to curb this â€Å"long term effects† menace. Carbon levels and other heat trapping gases have been on the increase and to some extent surpassed the tipping point; as of May 2012, carbon dioxide had reached 396.18 parts per million in the atmosphere which is way over the 350 parts per million upper limit, a stable climate’s relative point. With earth’s atmosphere monitoring stations over the last two decades indicating an increase in annual carbon emissions by 41% mainly from the fossil fuel combustions, indicate that the carbon concentration has approximately been increasing with 2 million parts per million each year; with this trend, it might be more than twice of the pre-industrial levels by the end of century resulting to further ecosystem damages. Geo-engineering measures more so the suggested strategies of pumping 5million to 10 million tons of sulphur dioxide in to the stratosphere; where they cannot be washed away easily by rain, intended to form microscopic particle to shade the planet from direct radiation, advancing bio-technological research on the algae fertilization to enhance carbon dioxide removal from the atmosphere and invention of an alternative to fossil fuels, will go an extra mile in combating the global warming menace. Despite these measures being faced by a couple of limitations such as lack of effective understanding of ecological problems, increasing the acidity of the oceans, ineffective measure of full implication tests and barriers from the economically benefiting segments and organizations/governments with interests in these biodegrading activities, extensive research more so on the geo-engineering to curb the radiation and carbon emissions. A further global warming of 1 degree centigrade defines a critical threshold with the earth creating more Venus like conditions characterized by unhealthy and unlivable conditions

The Kung, Wogeo, Huichol, and Sherpas differ significantly in their Essay

The Kung, Wogeo, Huichol, and Sherpas differ significantly in their social organization. Use the ethnographies Boiling Energy, S - Essay Example However, these cultural practices differ from vast people in other parts of the world as depicted by four ethnographies derived from diverse parts of the world. Analysis The fact that different individuals in the world have their own practices is depicted by Richard Katz in his ethnography â€Å"The Kung - Boiling energy†. In the book, the author outlines the cultural and spiritual way of life practiced by the Kung people in the Kalahari desert in South Africa. One major captivating aspect that the book reveals concerning culture and spirituality is Kung’s unique dance that seems to provide the focal point because anthropologists consider it as a primary ritual that encompasses and expresses cosmology, medicine and religion in a simultaneous manner. The healing dance as it is commonly known is practiced at specific periods of the time of the year and amazingly, everyone in the community participates because these people believe that each one of them has a â€Å"sicknes s† on one way or the other (Katz 332). In this regard, the Kung people believe that illnesses could be physical, emotional or even spiritual and the healing dance simultaneously heals all illnesses irrespective of the sickness nature. Therefore, the healing dance contains much more than just healing because it helps individuals release tension and energy that eventually transform people’s inner feelings. On a general perspective, the healing dance represents the spirituality of the Kung people because after the dance these individuals feel nourished, rejuvenated and reborn just like an individual from the west would feel after seeking spiritual intervention from a church (Katz 332). Therefore, the healing dance greatly affects the religious life of the people of Kung. Another ethnography depicting a different social organization is Barbara G. Myerhoff in her book â€Å"Peyote Hunt†. The ethnography is a story of a Native American ethnic group from western central Mexico, whose culture and spirituality is signified by its ancient practices. Though the book encompasses vast research findings from other sources, the author brings out the Huichol’s religion and culture through personal experience. Ideally, the Huichol people practices vast rituals that involve weeping, singing and contacting the ancestral spirits. Among its numerous practices, the Huichol’s practice a ritual of deer hunting because they believe that deer meat is a source of nourishment due to the magic power that the meat contains. Prior to the magical meat granted by the deer, the hunting experience provides a deep spiritual connection and fulfillment because it brings together people and all creatures (Myerhoff 16). In addition, the Huichol people also adore the maize because they believe that it fosters morality and emotions in their own way of understanding. Though the interrelationship between the Huichol’s and the maize is weird they claim that maize is their life and they greatly interconnect. Generally, the deer-maize-peyote complex is the way of life that determines Huichol’s cultural and religious life because it helps them refresh their inner personality emotionally, physically and spiritually by hunting the Peyote, eating its meat and exercising the maize ritual (Myerhoff 16). On a different perspective, Ian Hogbin chips in with his

Gender inequality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Gender inequality - Essay Example Western feminists, such as Rich argues that rape and violence against women are central to the control of women and their bodies, especially when the advancement of women in the public sphere is de-stabilizing this power base: Patriarchy is' a familial-social, ideological, political system in which men - by force, direct pressure or through ritual, law and language, customs, etiquette, education, and division of labour, determine what part women shall or shall not play, and in which the female is everywhere subsumed under the male. It does not necessarily imply that no woman has power, or all women in a given culture may not have certain powers.3 People ... whose lives cut unfamiliar paths across the distinctions of rule suggest still other structures of feeling in formation, other sites of power to identify, a wider range of sources to consider, and, not least, other kinds of memories to call on and stories to tell.4 When considering other theories of power, especially in relation to sexuality and race depends upon violence and control over the body, which is an indicator that there is inherent discrimination in the legal, social and political system. However, there is a lot of similarities in Western and Eastern cultures in respect to control and power over women's bodies. Carla Rice states that [w]henever we as women look at ourselves through the lens of culture, we' end up engaged in a war with our bodies, one that we cannot win. Society has inhibited our bodies and we have absorbed into our skin and bones (1999, 317) Stoler introduces an interesting connection between women's bodies and culture; however the modern restraints on women and the body are not new, i.e. history has restrained the body in differing ways. The modern era has heralded freedom in the sense of the mind; however culture has enslaved women using their body again, i.e. the reproductive functions were the prison of the past, superficial beauty is the prison of today. This imprisoning of the mind by using the body is a very old weapon used by the dominating male hierarchical system in fear that women can no longer be so easily controlled. If one considers cultures, such as Asia and the Middle East, being too fat or having a big nose is not a thing of consequence; because women are still imprisoned by their reproductive functions. The male dominated system of the West has been forced to alter cultural images and notions to further dominate women; therefore culture has had to alter by forcing women into a new box, i.e. an underfed , tall, big busted woman. The war waged on women's bodies is first a conflict over shape and size, over the terrain of our bodies, played in a deeply entrenched cultural taboos and a powerful dictate against women taking up space and claiming room of our own.5 This statement of Rice's sums up the conflict between the advancement of women and the restraints constructed by the male dominated culture, which has to adapt to the advancement of women in the late 20th and 21st Century. Rice is correct in her evaluation of the male dominated culture adapting to imprison women from declaring their own rights and space. Foucault6 has provided a discourse that has gone farther than just making women equal to men or races equal, by understanding that